Charged particle motion in electric and magnetic fields; electron and ion emission; ion-surface interaction; electrical breakdown in gases; dark discharges and DC glow discharges; confined discharge; AC, RF, and microwave discharges; arc discharges, sparks, and corona discharges; non-thermal gas discharges at atmospheric pressure; and discharge and low-temperature plasma generation. Typical texts: J.R. Roth, Industrial Plasma Engineering: Principles, Vol. 1, and Y.P. Raizer, Gas Discharge Physics.